Which process uses electrical energy to decompose compounds into simpler substances?

Which process uses electrical energy to decompose compounds into simpler substances?

• A. Thermal decomposition
• B. Combustion
• C. Electrolytic decomposition
• D. Photolysis

Answer: (C)

Electrical energy drives electrolytic decomposition, where an external power source forces redox reactions to occur in a way that wouldn’t happen on its own. In electrolysis, the applied voltage pushes electrons into or out of the compound: reductions happen at the cathode and oxidations at the anode. This input of energy breaks bonds and splits the substance into simpler parts, often elements, such as turning water into hydrogen and oxygen gas when current is applied. This is different from thermal decomposition, which uses heat to break bonds; combustion, which is rapid oxidation releasing energy; and photolysis, which uses light to drive bond-breaking.

Electrical energy drives electrolytic decomposition, where an external power source forces redox reactions to occur in a way that wouldn’t happen on its own. In electrolysis, the applied voltage pushes electrons into or out of the compound: reductions happen at the cathode and oxidations at the anode. This input of energy breaks bonds and splits the substance into simpler parts, often elements, such as turning water into hydrogen and oxygen gas when current is applied. This is different from thermal decomposition, which uses heat to break bonds; combustion, which is rapid oxidation releasing energy; and photolysis, which uses light to drive bond-breaking.